Culture des Organisations
points de vue dominants, tendances internationales et nouvelles propositions analytiques
Mots-clés :
Culture organisationnelle, Symbolisme organisationnel, Sociologie des organisations, GestionRésumé
La culture et le symbolisme organisationnel représentent, de nos jours, un domaine d’études solide, marqué par de multiples contributions disciplinaires et par divers agendas théoriques. En analysant la diversité des études produites au cours des dernières décennies sur le plan international, nous avons identifié deux mouvements théoriques distincts et concourants dans l’abordage de la culture organisationnelle : le mouvement intégrateur en tant que référentiel hégémonique et, en contrepartie, le mouvement critique. Si, d’un côté, les perspectives de la nature plutôt gestionnaire et intégrative défendent que les cultures intégratives sont favorables à la construction de l’excellence et à la compétitivité organisationnelle, d’un autre, les perspectives critiques et réflexives investissent dans l’étude de processus de construction et de manifestation culturelle, relativisant leur usage en tant que technique à service de la productivité. L’objectif central de cet article est présenter un modèle théorique et empirique pour l’analyse des dimensions culturelles et symboliques des organisations qui permette d’appréhender les processus actuels de changement en cours dans les organisations de travail.
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Références
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