Les contributions et les défis de l’institutionnalisme historique dans la Science Politique contemporaine
Mots-clés :
Néo-institutionnalisme, Institutionnalisme Historique, Théorie Politique, Méthodologie, Hiérarchies de ConnaissancesRésumé
Le néo-institutionnalisme s’est développé au cours de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle en deux courants qui sont devenus fréquents dans la discipline: l’institutionnalisme du choix rationnel et l’institutionnalisme historique. L’article reconstitue l’évolution épistémologique et méthodologique de l’institutionnalisme historique, en visant à comprendre dans le contexte de la Science Politique contemporaine. Dès le récent mouvement Perestroïka, qui a reactivé les anciens schismes méthodologiques dans la discipline, les débats sur les connaissances scientifiques ont acquis une nouvelle importance, en particulier à l’initiative controversée de Data Access and Research Transparency. L’institutionnalisme historique, basé sur une approche plus qualitative et d’interprétation des phénomènes politiques, est au centre de ces controverses. En ce sens, em reprennant leurs épistémologies, l’article situe, sous un point de vue critique, ce courant théorique dans ces débats et dans le contexte des hiérarchies de connaissances dans la discipline.
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