Culture et violence familiale
une révision critique de la littérature
Mots-clés :
Violence conjugale, Culture, Suprématie, AttitudesRésumé
Cet article présente une révision critique des recherches à propos de la dimension culturelle de la violence conjugale. Cette révision se base sur une recherche systématique dans les revues publiées entre 1985 et 2005 sur la base de données PsycARTICLES, PsycINFOl887, Sociology:A SAGE Full-Text Collection, EBSCO-HOST: Research Databases et IBSS — InternationalBibliography o f the Social Science ainsi que sur les livres et monographies publiés au cours de cette même période. Ainsi, les trois principales lignes de recherche ont été identifiées : études anthropologiques, études inter-ethniques et études interculturelles. Les auteurs analysent la variabilité des définitions de maltraitance qui ont été identifiées ainsi que les difficultés de mise en place de ce phénomène, responsables de l’impossibilité d’accéder à des chiffres corrects de la suprématie et à de vraies études comparatives. Malgré cette difficulté, les auteurs constatent une ample dissémination de la violence contre les femmes dans toutes les sociétés étudiées, ainsi que la généralisation des inégalités sociales dans la distribution du pouvoir et des ressources et dans les conceptions hiérarchiques de la vie familiale. La violence contre la femme semble, néanmoins, être inférieure dans les pays davantage pacifiés et où le statut des femmes est supérieur.
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