L’ influence des médias sur les résultats électoraux
revue systématique
Mots-clés :
Médias, Résultats électoraux, Influence, Information, ÉlectionsRésumé
Dans les sociétés démocratiques où les médias sont libres, et jouent un rôle primordial dans la diffusion de l’infor-mation, il est important de rechercher si le rôle de ces médias va, dans les faits, au-delà de la simple couverture des campagnes électorales. Ainsi, cet article examine la littérature académique produite en anglais au sujet de l’influence des médias sur les résultats des élections de 1996 à 2017, en effectuant une revue systématique (RS). Les résultats indiquent une influence significative des médias, au-delà de la simple information, avec 91% des études examinées attestant ce phénomène: ces articles représentent 97,5% des citations de Google Scholar sur le sujet au cours de la même période. Cependant, les types d’informations liées aux candidats et la manière dont les médias les couvrent ont également une incidence sur les résultats des élections. En outre, les médias classiques - télévision, radio et presse écrite - semblent jouer un rôle dominant dans la capacité d’influence et dans le nombre d’études réalisées. Les nou-veaux médias - Twitter, Facebook, blogs, sites Web - n’ont commencé à être étudiés qu’à partir de 2013 : cependant, ils constituent déjà la majorité des sujets étudiés à partir de 2015.
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Références
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