Les multiples définitions du concept de capital social
Mots-clés :
Capital Social, Redes, Confiança, Recursos, Teoria SocialRésumé
Le concept de capital social a été l’objet des plus diverses définirions, plusieurs d’entre elles contrastantes. Cet article a pour but de réviser certaines des contributions à ce débat, comme celles proposées par trois importants auteurs: James Coleman, Pierre Bourdieu et Nan Lin. Bien que d’accord sur l’idée que le capital social est une ressource basée sur la mobilisation des réseaux sociaux, ces auteurs ont des opinions divergentes en ce qui concerne l’allocation et la constitution de cette ressource. Après la présentation de leurs principaux arguments, l’article aborde la neutralité morale du capital social, ses mécanismes de reproduction ainsi que l’appropriation du concept dans l’œuvre de Robert Putnam et la critique de quelques commentateurs à son abordage. Finalement, certaines possibilités pour une définition unifiée de capital social sont proposées
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